Philippine Plants - Arranged by Family
(Click on thumbnails for larger images)

These are pictures of plants that I've taken in the Philippines.  Many of them are not identified or might be misidentified - if you have a tentative ID, please let me know.  Some of the plants are probably undescribed species.  If you would like location detail for any of the photos, or a larger version of an image (~1-3 MB), feel free to contact me.  You are welcome to use the photos for general educational purposes, but please make sure you give me credit for taking the picture and cite this website as your source.  If you want to use a photo for scientific research or publication purposes, you need to contact me first to ask for permission.  All images were taken with an Olympus SP500UZ digital camera on the Auto setting.

Lichens
Collema or Leptogium Foliose lichen 1 Foliose lichen 2 cf Graphis Script lichen 1 Jelly lichen Cladonia & StereocaulonCladonia? Parmeliod lichen
ParmotremaParmeliod lichen Peltigera sp.Peltigera sp. Peltigera sp.Peltigera sp. PseudocyphellariaPseudocyphellaria Usnea sp.Usnea sp. Usnea sp.Usnea sp.
PseudocyphellariaPseudocyphellaria Parmeliod lichen StereocaulonStereocaulon StereocaulonStereocaulon Peltigera sp.Peltigera sp.
Thanks to Heather Root for lichen IDs.


Bryophytes
Marchantia sp.Marchantia sp. Marchantia sp. Marchantia sp. Marchantia sp. Marchantia sp. fertile Marchantia sp. Marchantia sp. fertile Moss 1 Moss 2
Leafy liverwort


Equisetaceae
Equisetum sp.Equisetum sp. Equisetum sp.Equisetum sp.


Pteridophytes
Lindsaea cf fissaLindsaea cf fissa cf Pyrrosia lanceolata cf Pyrrosia lanceolata cf CephalomanisHymenophyllaceae, cf Cephalomanis Blechnum orientaleBlechnum orientale Tectaria hilocarpaTectaria hilocarpa Oleandra sp.Oleandra sp.
Hymenophyllum pallidumHymenophyllum pallidum Angiopteris palmiformis Angiopteris palmiformis Angiopteris palmiformis Angiopteris palmiformis sori Sphenomeris chinensis & retusaSphenomeris spp. Azolla pinnata Azolla pinnata Sphenomeris retusaSphenomeris retusa
Thanks to Julie Barcelona of PNH for IDs of pteridophytes & their allies


Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodiella cernua (& Dicranopteris cf linearis)Lycopodiella cernua


Selaginellaceae
Selaginella plana Selaginella plana Selaginella cf magnifica Selaginella cf magnifica Selaginella cf alligansSelaginella cf alligans


Pinaceae
Benguet pine (Pinus insularis)Pinus insularis Benguet pine (Pinus insularis)Pinus insularis


Acanthaceae
Unknown 1 Yellow acanth

Actinidiaceae
Saurauia sp. Saurauia sp.

Annonaceae
Anaxagorea luzoniensis Anaxagorea luzoniensis flower Anaxagorea luzoniensis Anaxagorea luzoniensis leaves

Apiaceae
cf Peucedanumcf Peucedanum

Apocynaceae
Cerbera cf. odollam Cerbera cf. odollam Hoya cf. odorataHoya cf. odorata

Araceae
Alocasia sp.Alocasia sp. Arisaema polyphyllumArisaema polyphyllum

Araliaceae
Schefflera sp.Schefflera sp.

Arecaceae
Metroxylon sagu Metroxylon sagu

Asteraceae
Tithonia sp.Tithonia sp. Tithonia sp.Tithonia sp. Tithonia sp.Tithonia sp. involucral bracts Anaphalis sp.Anaphalis sp. Anaphalis sp.Anaphalis sp.
Wedelia sp.Wedelia sp. Ageratum conyzoidesAgeratum conyzoides

Begoniaceae
Begonia sp.Begonia sp.

Betulaceae
Alnus japonicusAlnus japonicus

Campanulaceae
Laurentia sp.Laurentia sp. Laurentia sp. Laurentia sp.

Capparidaceae
Capparidaceae

Caryophyllaceae
Arenaria sp.Arenaria sp. Arenaria sp.Arenaria sp.

Celastraceae
Euonymus sp. Euonymus sp.

Clethraceae
Clethra sp. Clethra sp. Clethra sp.
Clethra sp.

Combretaceae
Terminalia copelandiiTerminalia copelandii habit Terminalia copelandiiTerminalia copelandii fruit Terminalia copelandiiTerminalia copelandii leaves

Commelinaceae
Pollia secundifloraPollia secundiflora Unknown sp. 1 Commelinid 1 Floscopa scandensFloscopa scandens Floscopa scandensFloscopa scandens flower Commelina sp. Commelina sp.

Cuscutaceae
Cuscuta sp.Cuscuta sp.

Cyperaceae
    Various unidentified species
Cyperaceae 1 Cyperaceae2 Cyperaceae3 Cyperaceae 4 Cyperaceae 5
Carex sp.Carex sp. Carex sp.Carex sp. Cyperus sp.Cyperus sp.

Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpus grandiflorusDipterocarpus grandiflorus seed Dipterocarpus validusDipterocarpus validus seed Dipterocarpus validus Dipterocarpus validus seedling Shorea astylosa Shorea astylosa

Ericaceae
Rhododendron sp.Rhododendron sp. Rhododendron sp.Rhododendron sp. Rhododendron sp.Rhododendron sp.

Euphorbiaceae
Phyllanthus sp.Phyllanthus sp.

Fabaceae
Pongamia pinnataPongamia pinnata Archidendron scutiferumArchidendron scutiferum pod Desmodium sp.?Desmodium? Senna sp.Senna sp. Desmodium sp.Desmodium sp. Acacia auriculiformisAcacia auriculiformis
Unknown 2Unknown 2

Gesneriaceae
Agalmyla sp. 1Unknown 1 Agalmyla sp. 1 Unknown 1 flower Agalmyla sp. 2Agalmyla sp. 2

Goodeniaceae
Scaevola taccadaScaevola taccada

Gunneraceae
Gunnera macrophyllaGunnera macrophylla

Hydrangeaceae
Deutzia pulchraDeutzia pulchra Deutzia pulchra Deutzia pulchra Deutzia sp.Deutzia sp. 2 Deutzia sp.Deutzia sp. 2 fruit

Hypericaceae
Hypericum sp.Hypericum sp.

Hypoxidaceae
Curculigo sp.Curculigo sp.

Iridaceae
Gladiolus sp.Gladiolus sp. Gladiolus sp.Gladiolus sp.

Juncaceae
Juncus?Juncaceae fruit Juncus?Juncaceae habit Luzula sp. Luzula sp. fruit Luzula sp. Luzula sp. leaves

Lamiaceae
Plectranthus sp.Plectranthus sp. Unknown 1

Lentibulariaceae
Utricularia sp. Utricularia sp.

Liliaceae s. l.
Unknown 1Orange "lily" Unknown 1Orange "lily" Unknown 1Orange "lily"

Malvaceae
Malvaceae

Marantaceae
Donax sp.Donax sp.

Melastomataceae
Melastoma sp. 1Melastoma sp. 1 Melastoma sp. 2Melastoma sp. 2 ground cover Melastoma sp. 2Melastoma sp. 2 calyx Medinilla sp. 1 Medinilla sp. 1 Medinilla sp. 1Medinilla sp. 1
Medinilla sp. 2Medinilla sp. 2 Melastoma sp. 3Melastoma sp. 3 Melastoma sp. 4Melastoma sp. 4 Melastoma sp. 5Melastoma sp. 5

Meliaceae
Swietenia macrophylla Swietenia macrophylla fruit

Moraceae
Ficus septicaFicus septica Ficus sp. 1Ficus sp. 1 Ficus ampelosFicus ampelos Ficus ampelosFicus ampelos

Myrtaceae
TristaniopsisTristaniopsis trunk TristaniopsisTristaniopsis bark Xanthostemon verdugonianusXanthostemon verdugonianus buds Xanthostemon verdugonianusXanthostemon verdugonianus flowers Xanthostemon verdugonianusXanthostemon verdugonianus fruits

Myrsinaceae
Ardisia?Ardisia?

Nepenthaceae
Nepenthes alataNepenthes alata Nepenthes sp.Nepenthes sp.

Ochnaceae
Ochna sp.Ochna sp. Ochna sp.Ochna sp. fruit

Onagraceae
Ludwigia sp.Ludwigia sp.

Orchidaceae
cf Bulbophyllum alagenseYellow orchid habit cf Bulbophyllum alagenseYellow orchid cf Bulbophyllum alagenseYellow orchid petals Bulbophyllum sp.Bulbophyllum habit Bulbophyllum sp.Bulbophyllum flower Bulbophyllum sp.Bulbophyllum flower
Calanthe lyroglossaCalanthe lyroglossa Cryptostylis sp.Cryptostylis sp. leaves Cryptostylis sp. Cryptostylis sp. flower Dendrobium sp.Dendrobium habit Dendrobium sp.Dendrobium flower Dendrochilum sp.Dendrochilum sp.
Spiranthes sinensisSpiranthes sinensis Spiranthes sinensisSpiranthes sinensis Spathoglottis plicataSpathoglottis plicata Spathoglottis plicata Spathoglottis plicata Spathoglottis plicataPink ground orchid Spathoglottis plicata
Pink ground orchid habit

Unknown 1Yellow ground orchid Orange ground orchid Unknown 3White ground orchid Unknown 4Maroon ground orchid
Unknown 5Yellow epiphyte habitat Unknown 5Yellow epiphyte flower Unknown 6Unknown 6 Unknown 6Unknown 6

Orobanchaceae
Aeginetia indicaAeginetia indica Aeginetia indicaAeginetia indica

Pandanaceae
Pandanus tectoriusPandanus tectorius Pandanus sp.Pandanus sp. 1

Phormiaceae
Dianella sp. Dianella sp.

Poaceae
Oryza sativaOryza sativa

Polygalaceae
Polygala venustaPolygala venusta Polygala sp.Polygala sp.

Portulacaceae
Talinum triangulareTalinum triangulare

Rosaceae
Rubus sp.Rubus sp.

Rubiaceae
Oldenlandia sp.Oldenlandia sp. Unknown 2Purple Rubiaceae Unknown 2Rubiaceae stipules Unknown 3White Rubiaceae Rubia sp.Rubia sp.
Borreria sp.Borreria_sp Ophiorrhiza sp.Ophiorrhiza sp.

Rutaceae
Melicope triphyllaMelicope triphylla

Sapindaceae
Gloeocarpus cf. patentivalvisGloeocarpus

Scrophulariaceae
Lindenbergia philippinensisLindenbergia philippinensis Lindenbergia philippinensis Lindenbergia_philippinensis Torenia sp.Torenia sp.

Solanaceae
Unknown 1Solanaceae Brugmansia sp.Brugmansia

Thymelaeaceae
Wikstroemia sp.Wikstroemia sp. fruit Wikstroemia sp.Wikstroemia sp. flowers Wikstroemia lanceolataWikstroemia lanceolata fruit Wikstroemia lanceolataWikstroemia lanceolata flowers

Urticaceae
Debregeasia sp.Debregeasia sp.

Verbenaceae
Callicarpa sp.Callicarpa sp.

Zingiberaceae
Pink ginger Unknown 2Unknown sp. 2

Family Unknown
Acanthaceae?Ruellia? Scrophulariaceae?Toothed scroph Scrophulariaceae?Scroph flower Unknown family 1 Unknown family 1 venation
Urticaceae?Urticaceae? Rubiaceae?Rubiaceae 1? Rubiaceae?Rubiaceae 1 flower Rubiaceae?Rubiaceae 2? Rubiaceae?Rubiaceae 2 calyx
Unknown family 2 Unknown family 2 leaves Unknown family 3 Unknown family 4 (vine) Scrophulariaceae?Water scroph
Scrophulariaceae?
Blue scroph		 Unknown 6 Unknown 6 Unknown 6


Reference books for identifying plants in the Philippines:

Flora Malesiana.  Incomplete, only accessible at major libraries, but the best available taxonomic source for plant identification.

Handbook of Mangroves in the Philippines - Panay.  Primavera, Sadaba, Lebata & Altamirano 2004.  SEAFDEC Aquaculture Dept., Iloilo, Philippines.  A wonderfully illustrated small guide that covers the mangroves species found in Panay (and most of the Philippines).

The Orchids of the Philippines.  Cootes 2001.  Times Editions, Singapore.  An illustrated guides that displays artistically photographed orchid flowers from representative genera of Philippine orchids.  No keys and far from complete, but the author is willing to identify photographs of orchids.

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Last updated: March 29, 2007