Research Report on Relational Dialectics
by Leah Clarke
A Dialectical Perspective on Communication Strategies in Relationship Development
by Leslie Baxter
by Leslie Baxter
There are two common features in all dialectical theories and those are process and contradiction. Many communication theories focus on the individual level. However, the dialectical approach shows us a relationship level perspective that ties in with the individual level.
In the Novelty-Predictability Dialectic, it explains how in al of our relationships there is aneed for predictability and some sort of pattern. Equally important, on the other hand, is our need for novelty. When patterns are repeated over and over, it can lead to a deadening of emotions in a relationship. A certain amount of novelty and yet some predictability leaves parties with challenging circumstances to cope with.
The final dialectic is Openness-Closedness. Open disclosure is essential for intimacy, but at the same time "creates vulnerablility for oneself, the other, or the relationship"(262). This dialect also refers to the public presentation of the relationship. While parties require privacy to establish intimacy, their relationship needs to be publicly recognized.
During phase one, a mutual exploration occurs while the parties decide if they want to form a dependent
relationship. The relationship is characterized by predictability at this point, and small talk is a ritual
that allows the parties to have some oppurtunity to reveal unique facts about themselves. People
entering into new relationships are hesitant to be open. The parties will participate in superficial
self-disclosure, but will not risk leaving the safety of closedness.
This phase reflects the "working out" of the details of connectedness. At this point,
the state of the relationship is established, and nicknames, affection phrases, and private
jokes come into play. These things are reflections of the quality of intimacy.
During this stage there are two major sources of novelty. The first is symbols/rituals
and includes things playful in nature. The second is conflict, and while conflict can constitute threat, it is an important novelty in the relationship.
Phase three happens when autonomy and connection begin to reinforce each other. This prevents too much predictability, and yet
assures reasonable stability. By introducing new displays of affection like a surprise gift or joint trip the relationship is less likely to "deaden". Open
talk establishes openness. Even though it may make you feel vulnerable, it is still necessary to grow.
Once a party decides to exit from a relationship, withdrawl occurs and the fourth phase sets in.
During this dissolusionment phase, novelty-predictability function to change the "connection bond".
Baxter admits that her ideas suggest certain dialectical strategies over others. However, she is quick to note that the accurate detailed description of dialectical contradiction management in relationships remains largely for future researchers to map.
This chapter really helped me understand this fascinating theory. I find this theory extremely interesting because each of us can apply it to relationships in our own life. I think that in dating, or with parents, or even siblings, these concepts could come in handy. To grasp the concepts in this theory is only a help in understanding personal relationships.
Citation
For an application of this theory, check out Mark's page.
Check out Steve's critique.
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