Spiral of Silence is an innovative theory of public opinion, developed by Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann. Noelle-Neumann, founder and director of the Allensbach Institute (Germany's version of the Gallop pole) follows the paths of past philosophers Locke, Hume, Rousseau, Goethe, and James Madison, in that she considers public opinion a tangible force that controls people's decisions. The phrase "spiral of silence" actually refers to how people tend to remain silent when they feel that their views are in the minority. Noelle-Neumann blames the spiral of silence on fear of isolation. In other words, people who feel that they are in the minority, keep quiet because they fear ridicule from the majority.

She gives a clear explanation on when and why people speak out and when they decide to keep their mouths shut: "Individuals who...notice that their own personal opinion is spreading and is taken over by others, will voice this opinion self-confidently in public. On the other hand, individuals who notice that their own opinions are losing ground, will be inclined to adopt a more reserved attitude." What do you think? Everyone has been in a position where their opinion has been in the minority. How do you react? Do you cave into the pressures of the spiral of silence? Or are you a "hardcore non-conformist" who stands your ground no matter what?

To get a perspective on how spiral of silence is used in real life, check out Suzanne's application page. If you want to find out some background information, or analyze the theory in more detail, then go to Erin's or Dave's research report page. To see a critique on Spiral of Silence, and get an in-your-face opinion, then be sure to read Heath's page.

To Read a Summary of Noelle-Neumann's Spiral of Silence Theory Click Here