One of the most important
principles of Islam is that all things belong to God, and
that wealth is therefore held by human beings in trust. The
word zakat means both `purification' and `growth'. Our
possessions are purified by setting aside a proportion for
those in need, and, like the pruning of plants, this cutting
back balances and encourages new growth. Each Muslim
calculates his or her own zakat individually. for most
purposes this involves the payment each year of two and a
half percent of one's capital. A pious person may also give
as much as he or she pleases as sadaqa, and does so
preferably in secret. Although this word can be translated
as `voluntary charity' it has wider meaning.
The Prophet `peace be upon him'
said:
`even meeting your brother
with a cheerful face is charity.' The Prophet `peace be upon
him' said:
`Charity is a necessity for every
Muslim.' He was asked: `What if a person has nothing?' The
Prophet `peace be upon him' replied: `He should work with
his own hands for his benefit and then give something out of
such earnings in charity. ` The Companions asked: `What if
he is not able to work?' The Prophet `peace be upon him'
said: `He should urge others to do good.' The Companions
said: `What if he lacks that also?' The Prophet `peace be
upon him' said: `He should check himself from doing evil.
That is also charity.'
The `Five Pillars' of
Islam